Formula

BMI Formula

BMI is a height-and-weight index used as a rough adult screening measure. The formula is simple, but interpretation needs care.

Metric formula

BMI = weight in kg / height in meters^2

If height is entered in centimeters, convert it to meters first. For example, 175 cm becomes 1.75 m.

Imperial formula

BMI = 703 x weight in lb / height in inches^2

The factor 703 adjusts pounds and inches to match the metric BMI scale.

Worked example

For a person weighing 70 kg and measuring 1.75 m: BMI = 70 / 1.75^2 = 70 / 3.0625 = 22.86. Rounded to one decimal place, the result is 22.9.

How to interpret the result

BMI places weight relative to height on a common adult screening scale. It can be useful for population-level comparison, but it does not show body fat percentage, muscle mass, fat distribution or individual health.

Common mistakes

  • Using height in centimeters directly in the metric formula instead of meters.
  • Forgetting to square height before dividing.
  • Treating the BMI number as a diagnosis rather than a screening index.
  • Applying adult BMI categories to children without age- and sex-specific growth charts.

When the formula is not enough

  • Children, pregnancy, older adults and highly muscular people may need different interpretation.
  • Clinical context, body composition and waist measurement can change what the number means.
  • Medical decisions do not belong on BMI alone.

References